Belleville Washers

View Disc Spring Catalog: Standard

Disc springs from our standard product line are typically available from stock for immediate delivery.

Disc springs can be designed with non-standard dimensions, depending upon the availability of material and tooling requirements.

Belleville washers (also known as belleville disc springs and belleville spring washers ) were invented by Julien-Francoise Belleville, who was awarded a patent in 1861 for a spring designed like a cone-shaped ring, capable of absorbing large axial forces with relatively small spring travel. China Disc Springs has proudly manufactured Belleville springs in our China, Germany plant since 1960.

belleville washers belleville washer belleville spring washers

belleville-washer-diagram

Common Belleville Washer Alloys

  • Copper Beryllium (CuBe)
  • Cr-Ni-Mo Stainless Steel
  • Nickel-Beryllium (NiBe)
  • Inconel
  • SAE Grade Steel
  • Chromoly Steel

Belleville Washer Features

  • High temperature resistance & High fatigue life
  • Different assemblies can be designed to achieve the desired load characteristics
  • Special materials and various surface coatings available
  • Better space utilization when compared to other spring types
  • Low creep tendency with the correct dimensioning
  • High load capacity with a small spring deflection
  • EN 16983 (DIN 2093) standards

EN 16983 (DIN 2093) Standards

GroupProduction MethodSurface Finish**)
Upper and lower surfaces uInner and outer edges u
1stamped, cold-formed, edges roundedR2 < 3.2R2 < 12.5
2*)stamped, cold-formed, De and Di turned, edges roundedR2 < 6.3R2 < 6.3
fine-blanked, cold-formed, edges roundedR2 < 6.3R2 < 3.2
3cold- or hot-formed, turned on all sides, edges roundedR2 < 12.5R2 < 12.5
*) Unless otherwise specified, the manufacturing process is left to the discretion of the manufacturer (see Section 5 in EN 16983).
**) The specified values do not apply to shot-peened disc springs.

Belleville Washer Applications

Belleville springs have become indispensable in a host of applications and industries. Belleville disc springs are used everywhere from the automotive, food processing, and chemical industries and found in applications from boilers and industrial furnaces to superconductors and satellites.

They are commonly used in applications requiring high spring force and small deflections. The washers are also used in applications requiring a high degree of safety.

Tolerances For Spring Geometry, Load & Hardness

Table 1 — Allowable tolerances for material thickness, free height, spring force and spring hardness.

When the ratio De/t > 20, a larger tolerance for the free height is typically required. In this case, actual tolerances should be reviewed with China Disc Springs.

Material thickness t or t’
(mm)		allowable tolerance in material thickness tallowable tolerance in free height Io
(mm)		allowable tolerance in spring force F at Io-s during loading with s = 0.75 ho (%)Hardness (HRC)
Group 1 springs without contact surfaces0.2 to 0.6+ 0.02
– 0.06		+ 0.10
– 0.05		+ 25
– 7.5		42-52
> 0,6 but < 1,25+ 0.03
– 0.09
Group 2 springs without contact surfaces1.25 to 2.0+ 0.04
– 0.12		+ 0,15
– 0.08		+15
– 7.5
> 2.0 to 3.0+ 0.20
– 0.10
> 3.0 to 3.8+ 0.30
– 0.15		+ 10
– 5
> 3.8 to 6.0+ 0.05
– 0.15
Group 3 springs with contact surfaces> 6.0 to 15± 0.10± 0.30± 5
> 15 to 25± 0.12± 0.50*
> 25 to 40± 0.125± 1.0*
* applies only to disc springs with a ratio De/t ≤ 20

 

Table 2 – Allowable tolerances for spring diameters and concentricity.

Outside diameter De inside diameter Di
De or Di
(mm)		Deh12
(mm)		Allowable
tolerance Dih12(mm)		Concentricity
tolerance for De(mm)
3 to 60 to -0,120 to +0,120,15
> 6 to 100 to -0,150 to +0,150,18
> 10 to 180 to -0,180 to +0,180,22
> 18 to 300 to -0,210 to +0,210,26
> 30 to 500 to -0,250 to +0,250,32
> 50 to 800 to -0,300 to +0,300,60
> 80 to 1200 to -0,350 to +0,350,70
> 120 to 1800 to -0,400 to +0,400,80
> 180 to 2500 to -0,460 to +0,460,92
> 250 to 3150 to -0,520 to +0,521,04
> 315 to 4000 to -0,570 to +0,571,14
> 400 to 5000 to -0,630 to +0,631,26
> 500 to 6000 to -0,680 to +0,681,36
Outside diameter De Inside diameter Di

Table 2 – Allowable tolerances for spring diameters and concentricity.